But hearing this sound throughout the day may cause us to worry about our dog’s health.

So what causes canines to over-excessively smack their lips?

Keep reading to find out!

What Is the Meaning of Smacking Lips?

Dogs make a lot of weird noises, and lip-smacking may be the most annoying. To be more precise, this is the sound dogs make when they repeatedly open and shut their mouth, causing the lips to ‘smack’ against each other. 

You can generally hear it while your dog is eating or eyeballing a tasty treat. But when the smacking happens too often, it could signal something is wrong with your dog. 

Dental problems, digestive upset, and nutritional deficiency are the most common culprits that cause dogs to smack their lips excessively. However, there’s also a rare chance of neurological issues or poisoning with this behavior. 

Reasons Why Dogs Constantly Smack Lips

There are many medical and behavioral reasons why dogs smack their lips. While some require a checkup by the vet, others are harmless. Observe your dog and his habits to figure out which reason applies.

1. Gastric problems 

Excessive lip-smacking is a common sign of gastric upset. In most cases, the culprit is nausea. When dogs feel about to vomit, their salivary glands produce excessive saliva to protect their mouth and throat from the acidic gastric juices.

Naturally, your dog will smack their lips to gulp down this excess saliva and prevent it from dripping out. The same process occurs when excess bile or gastric acid builds up in your dog’s system after eating a lot of fatty food or drinking tons of water.

2. Mouth or gum diseases

Problems with the teeth, gums, or salivary glands can also force your dog to smack its lips frequently. Since dogs can’t tell their owners about toothache or cavities, they will try to relieve the pain by moving their mouths. If your dog’s salivary glands swell, it will lip-smacking behavior to prevent drooling.

3. Dehydration/Underlying diseases

Dehydration can be primary or secondary. Primary dehydration stems from a lack of water intake, hot climate, or increased physical activity. Other signs like sunken eyes and lethargy will help confirm the presence of dehydration.

Secondary dehydration could be caused by chronic kidney disease, kidney failure, or cystic kidney disease. If your dog is dehydrated with no signs of primary dehydration, it could be a kidney issue that requires immediate medical attention.

4. Licking or ingesting something poisonous

A common sign of poisoning among dogs is excessive salivation. Other signs include diarrhea, vomiting, pale gums, foaming at the mouth, lethargy, or even collapsing. 

If you suspect your dog has ingested a poisonous plant or food, you need to immediately call your vet or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control helpline. You should thoroughly rinse their mouth to eliminate the residual poison or induce vomiting if instructed by a professional. If you live near a clinic, take your dog there as soon as possible. 

Sometimes, the signs of poisoning don’t appear right away. So if you notice excess salivation, try to look for other poisoning symptoms and any toxic items your dog may have left behind.

5. Indication of pain

Since dogs can’t talk, they give behavioral cues to explain how they’re feeling. In the case of lip-smacking, your dog might be trying to tell you about an injury. Thoroughly examine their body and look for swelling. If your dog yelps when touched on a specific body part, the injury is likely over there. Try to set an appointment with the vet to get them bandaged and treated with painkillers accordingly.

6. Seizures

Seizures often lead to involuntary and strange movements. And sudden, uncontrollable lip-smacking can signify a partial seizure!  Besides this, your dog might also experience twitching, stiff muscles, run in circles, or fall unconscious during a full seizure. Seizures are a medical emergency, and you must take your dog to the vet immediately.

7. Stress or fear

On the behavioral end, lip-smacking is a common response to stress or fear among dogs. When they experience loud noises, separation from their owners, or strange faces, their stress levels can rise and cause dry mouth or excessive salivation. As a result, the dog will start to smack its lips.

Dogs also use lip-smacking as a peaceful gesture when they encounter a potential threat, like an aggressive dog or an angry owner. When the tension in their environment rises, the dog will start smacking their lips to signal that they mean no harm.

8. Seeking attention

If you’ve been busy recently, your dog could be smacking their lips to seek attention. They are highly emotional and sensitive creatures that notice changes in the time you spend with them and may begin lip-smacking as a coping mechanism.

How to stop your dog from smacking lips?

Lip-smacking can be an annoying and rather worrying situation for many dog owners. Whether it’s any disease, diet problem, or mental issue, here are the most effective ways to get rid of this habit once and for all:

1. Change his diet 

Feed your dog a nutritious and protein-rich diet to prevent gastric issues. Cheap dog foods usually contain filler ingredients like grains that are difficult to digest and cause the digestive system to overload. 

If your dog is older or has sensitive digestion, purchase a diet with gentle ingredients like duck meat and pumpkin to soothe their stomach. If your pup suffers from acid reflux, try to feed them a low-fat diet to reduce gastric acid production and see the lip-smacking disappear!

2. Regular medical checkups

A visit to the vet’s clinic is crucial in the case of lip-smacking. Your vet will not only be able to diagnose any hidden diseases but also accurately identify any behavioral reasons for this habit. 

For gastric, periodontal, or hydration issues, timely treatment can save your dog from further harm. And in case of poisoning or seizures, immediately taking your dog to the vet can make the difference between life or death. 

Make it a habit to take your dog for regular medical checkups. This way, the vet will recognize any health issues early on and start treatment accordingly.

3. Spend quality time

Spending time with your pet will help them relax. Find activities to do together, like going for a walk or playing fetch. Pet your dog often and show care and support.

Creating a stronger bond between you and your dog will make both of you feel more loved and relaxed. You will gradually see that he will let go of his attention-seeking habits.

4. Avoid access to poisonous or toxic substances

Dogs can get poisoned by many items in their surroundings. In the food category, we have chocolate, xylitol (sweetener in gum), garlic, onions, coffee, macadamia nuts, avocadoes, grapes/raisins, and alcohol which can be toxic for dogs in small quantities.  

Some basic household items can also poison dogs, and you should keep them away as far as possible, including insecticides, cleaning products, detergents, fertilizers, and especially anti-freeze. If you let your dog out in the yard often, keep them away from plants like aloe vera, ivy, elephant ear, corn, bird of paradise, jade, pathos, and desert rose, to name a few, are highly poisonous to canines.

FAQ’s

What should you feed a dog with acid reflux?

You can treat acid reflux in dogs by placing them on a low-fat, low-protein diet. Try feeding them a boiled chicken and rice meal 2 to 3 times a day consistently. You can also give them antacid to temporarily relieve heartburn and increase their appetite.

How to know if your dog is dehydrated?

The spring method is a common way to test if your dog is dehydrated or not. Pinch and pull the skin over your dog’s shoulder blade and let it go. Your dog is fully hydrated if the skin springs back into its original place. But if the skin initially ripples and settles down after a few seconds, your dog is likely dehydrated.

Why is my dog yawning and licking his lips?

When dogs yawn and lick their lips, it’s likely due to a fractured or loose tooth causing them pain. Gum diseases like gingivitis can also cause the ‘yawn and lick’ behavior as your dog will try to relieve themselves of the gum pain.

Why do dogs vomit bile in the morning?

Dogs will vomit a yellow liquid called bile when they haven’t eaten something in a long time. This phenomenon is called bile reflux and is more common in senior dogs. To combat this, feed your dog smaller but more frequent meals throughout the day.

The post Why does my dog keep smacking his lips? appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

But do you ever wonder if your cat is holding a grudge against you? Can cats harbor a grudge at all?

That’s what we’re going to find out today. Here is everything you need to know about cat grudges and how long they last.

Do Cats Hold Grudges?

If your cat hisses at you when you walk past, you may wonder whether they’re harboring a grudge. But what may seem like an attempt to get back at you is rarely an act of revenge.

There are two main explanations for why cats cannot hold a grudge:

• Cats do not feel resentment like humans
• They have a shorter memory span than humans

What does that mean? First, you must understand that cats do not function like humans. According to feline behaviorist Pam Johansson-Bennett, cats have a very practical mindset by nature. They only perform an action when it helps them achieve something. Like playing brings them happiness, and eating helps them survive.

But when it comes to harboring a grudge, it doesn’t bring any real benefit to your cat. So, your cat will choose to forgive and let go instead of holding on to resentment. Sure, your cat can become angry and irritated if you put it in an uncomfortable situation. But it won’t plot against you or pee on your couch if you unintentionally hurt it.

So why do cats turn their back on you when you accidentally step on their tail?

Cats are instinctual by nature and try to avoid any situation threatening their safety. If they are physically or mentally hurt, whether intentionally or by mistake, they will try to avoid that situation in the future. 

The isolation period can be as little as a few hours for owners and fellow cats. But it can continue for several days or weeks for stray dogs or strangers. Another way cats measure how long to stay away from a specific situation is by the severity of the incident.

If they suffered life-threatening injuries from a person or animal, the cat would probably remember and avoid them for as long as possible—a behavior commonly seen in cats that come from abusive households. Such cats will avoid any individual who looks, smells or even talks like their abuser.

But for day-to-day accidents like someone stepping on their tail, the effect will quickly wear off, and your cat will return to normal much faster. 

Memory Span Of Cats

One of the reasons why cats are quick to forgive (or forget) without holding a grudge is because of their memory. Felines have a shorter memory span than humans, allowing them to get over day-to-day incidents much faster.

But when it comes to serious mishaps, those might stick with your cat for a lot longer. And all of this is related to their short-term and long-term memory. Let’s discuss this below:

Short-term memory 

Short-term memory, known as working memory, is the part of a cat’s memory that stores anything that will be useful for a limited period, like remembering the location of their food bowl or where they placed a favorite toy. 

When cats are stepped on or pricked by an object, their short-term memory automatically stores this information in their brain. They will remember feeling pain or shock in that scenario and avoid it until their memory refreshes again. 

According to research, this can take anywhere from 30 seconds to 16 hours, though painful memories usually take longer to forget. So it’s best to leave them alone for at least 16 hours, after which their short-term memory will refresh, and your cat will return to normal again.

Long-term memory

The important moments and information from a cat’s childhood to death are stored in their long-term memory. From their biggest phobias to the scent of their mother, everything that helps them function daily will stick with your cat for life in this part of the brain. 

Cats can also make new long-term memories when they experience trauma. Such as getting into a serious accident, being abused by their owner, or hearing thunder for the first time. Because they act on their instinct to survive, anything that poses a serious threat to their life will remain in their long-term memory for several years.

Luckily, this does not include minor accidents. However, if you bring home an abused or stray cat, they might still carry a fear of strangers, loud noises, or other animals. And if they experience those same things again, your cat will probably lash out to protect itself. 

Reasons Why Cats Attack Their Owners

Just because your cat won’t hold a grudge doesn’t mean you cannot make them mad. Cats are known to be extremely moody pets that are easily irritated when things don’t go their way. Sometimes, this can be due to a fault of our own, while on others, not so much.

In any case, you will likely become the target of your cat’s aggression. And the best way to prevent unwarranted bites and scratches is to avoid things that irritate your feline friend. Here are a few things that cats find annoying:

1. Giving your cat too much attention
2. Aggressively petting them (especially on the tummy or paws)
3. Lifting them without permission
4. Not giving them enough attention
5. Forcefully giving them medicine
6. Feeding them spoiled or rotten food
7. Shouting or making loud noises near your cat
8. Providing more attention to another cat or pet
9. Stepping on their tail or leg
10. Moving their furniture
11. Not cleaning their litterbox
12. Cradling them like a baby
13. Staring at your cat for long periods

Besides these basic mistakes, cats also hate when their environment is not according to their standards. They hate breezy winds and strangers entering their personal space. 

Essential oils and scents of citrus, rosemary, thyme, eucalyptus, and lavender can also put them in a bad mood. If you want to reduce your cat’s aggression and the likelihood of being scratched or bit, try to avoid these common mistakes.

Ways To Apologize To A Cat

When you step on your cat’s tail, it’s natural to want to shower them with kisses and apologies. But is this the correct approach?

No. As previously mentioned, cats will try to maintain some distance after suffering pain or shock. Therefore, smothering them with cuddles is the last thing you’d want to do. It could make them even angrier, but your cat might even lay a few bites on you to get away.

A much better way to apologize is to give your cat some space. As we said, cats have short memories and usually overlook small mishaps. Let them have time alone to see that you are not a threat. Once they’ve made sure the coast is clear, they’ll go back to being the same affectionate kitty in no time.

If you are eager to make your cat comfortable even quicker, try the following techniques to please them:

1. Sit near your cat during mealtime

During their mealtime, cats are relaxed and in a good mood, the perfect occasion to sit near them and let them observe that you are not a threat. Your cat will also be able to see you place the food dish and associate this with pleasant memories. Just make sure you don’t make sudden movements or loud noises to scare them away! 

2. Place their bed closer to yours

Holding or lifting your cat is off-limits when they are on time out. But you can place their bed near your couch or mattress to bring them near you so they can become comfortable with your presence. Who knows, they might even choose to sit in your lap instead of their bed.

3. Try playing them from a distance

No cat can resist a furry wand toy or catnip ball! Use this to your advantage and try to play with your cat from a distance. Catnip is proven to make felines mellower and relaxed, which might encourage them to lower their guard. But if they don’t seem too fond of play, try not to force them and let them have their space.

FAQ’s

How to know if your cat is angry?

An angry cat will display irritation through body language. Look for these signs if you suspect that your cat is annoyed:

• Ears pressed against the head
• Staring with dilated pupils
• Growling, hissing, or spitting
• Arched back and puffed tail
• Tail is twitching

Do cats forget about abuse?

Cats do not forget or forgive serious physical abuse over the long term, such as hitting or kicking. This trauma can remain in their memory for life. However, an abused cat will return to normal with a new owner who takes care of them and follows a consistent routine. 

Why do cats bite your hand?

Cats will grab and bite your hand if they have gotten too much attention or are over-stimulated. They will also nip their owners’ hands if you rub vulnerable parts of their body, such as their belly or paws.

Do cats get jealous?

Yes, cats can get jealous if you give more attention to another person or pet. They will try to slip between you two, hiss or growl, scratch, bite, or start peeing around the house to mark their territory. 

The post How Long Do Cats Hold Grudges? appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

But when your kitty spends most of its time tucked away, there’s probably something wrong with them.

So why do cats hide so frequently? And how can you lure your cat out of hiding?

Keep on reading to find out!

Reasons Why Cats Go Into Hiding

Cats are hardwired to hide when something in their surroundings causes fear or stress. But when your cat goes missing for several hours at a time, it’s an indication that something may be wrong.

To help you investigate this behavior, we have compiled a list of the common reasons why cats go into hiding for long durations. Let’s discuss them in detail below:

1. Adapting to a new location or people

Change is always stressful for cats. Whether you’re moving houses or bringing a family member home, it might take some time for your cat to adjust to their new surroundings. They will prefer to hide during this period as they gradually accept their new living space or new co-owner.

Adopted cats also go into hiding for the same reason. They need to acclimatize to a new house and parents, especially if you have other pets. To help your cat get comfortable with its surroundings, you will have to spend time interacting with your cat every day. 

2. Fear of visitors

It’s no surprise that cats are very anti-social creatures. They can get frightened of new faces and will retreat to their hiding space as a result. This hiding behavior will be even more apparent with cats not socialized during kittenhood. 

Some cats also fear loud noises during a family reunion or dinner. If your guest brought over their pet, particularly a dog, your cat will likely escape to their usual hiding spot.

3. Sickness or injury

Being ill or injured can make a cat vulnerable to attacks from predators. Thus, their instinct will cause them to go into hiding until they are fully well. Staying in a hiding spot will also help your cat save energy by avoiding unnecessary activity, which they can use to heal faster. 

But be wary. A sick cat’s condition can quickly deteriorate if it hides its sickness or injury for too long. That’s why it is crucial to investigate the reason for its hiding and treat any ailment before it worsens.

4. Feeling trapped inside

If you have an outdoor cat that hasn’t gone outside for several days, it can start feeling trapped. As a result, they will try to escape to catch some air and relieve their pent-up energy.

If your cat becomes frightened or stressed during this time and doesn’t find a way inside, it will retreat to any hiding space like a tree, shrubs, sheds, or even your car.

5. Scared of predators

Although cats are natural predators, they fear larger animals that might hunt them instead. They will immediately run to their safe spot if they spot an aggressive dog, feral coyotes, eagles, or owls. Even if the cat is indoors and sees a potential predator through the window, it can frighten them into hiding.

Additionally, cats fear objects that remind them of predators, like vacuum cleaners. If they catch them by surprise, the cat can become stressed and might resort to their shelter for a couple of hours.

6. Impending death

No owner wants to hear about their cat dying. Unfortunately, there is a possibility that your kitty is hiding because it can sense its approaching death. Cats can recognize when they are gravely ill and are about to perish. During this time, they will find a place to hide, protected from predators, so they can peacefully pass away.

Luckily, this won’t be the case with most cats unless they are extremely old or terminally ill. However, if you’re suspicious, look for other signs like:

• Unprovoked aggression
• Loss of appetite or thirst
• Weakness
• Unkempt appearance
• Low body temperature

Ways To Lure A Cat Out Of Hiding

After you’ve figured out why your cat is hiding, it’s time to lure them out in the open. You can use the following techniques that many owners have successfully tested. Note that not every one of them will work for your cat, so stay patient and try all of them until you find one that is most effective:

1. Use treats or food as bait

Food works like a charm when trying to lure a cat out of hiding. A hungry cat will find it difficult to resist a tasty treat, even if it’s full. 

To do this, first, decide what you will use as bait. You must pick something that tastes amazing, has a strong aroma, and is loved by your cat. Wet food and raw treats are perfect in such scenarios, but you can also use canned tuna or other treats depending on what appeals to your kitty.

It is also crucial to correctly use bait for it to be effective. Place the treat/food near your cat as gently as possible, especially if they have space to escape. If they come out of hiding and eat the treat, place another one close-by in the direction of your house. Calmly feed your cat until they start eating from your hand or seem comfortable in your company.

During this process, you need to be extremely patient and avoid sudden movements or eye contact. Most cats will jump at the sight of food; some might take a few hours, while others won’t budge even for days.

Don’t try to grab your cat when it comes out of hiding. Your cat’s reflexes are much better than yours, and they will likely escape your reach. Even worse, they won’t fall for the bait trick again and might find an even harder place to hide than before.

2. Attract your cat with toys

When working with a playful cat or a kitten, you can use toys to lure them out of hiding. This technique is more suitable when your cat is not hiding in a dangerous spot, such as a tree or outdoors.

We recommend using the most attractive toy in your arsenal. Anything that makes a sound has lights or imitates prey will work perfectly. Examples of such toys include:

• Teaser toys
• Lasers
• Feather toys
• Motorized prey toys

Slowly place the toy near your cat, or gently wave it near their hiding spot. If your cat is afraid of your presence, use a motorized toy and stand afar so they can comfortably come out of hiding.

3. Have a chat with your cat

Here’s a fun fact; cats can recognize their owner’s voice and are highly reactive to it. When your pet is startled by the presence of strangers, a simple chat can make them feel at home and come out of their hiding spot. 

All you need to do is gradually approach your cat and sit near them. Then, you need to talk to it calmly and gently as if you’re having a conversation. Many cat owners have tested this technique and had great success. However, if your cat is recently adopted or deaf, it might be suitable to look at other methods.

4. Change your surroundings

We all know that cats are sensitive to change. The change can be as simple as moving their bed to something major like a new person in the home. If you suspect that your cat went into hiding because you moved their furniture or readjusted your room, see if reverting the arrangement makes a difference. If not, then it could be due to the presence of strangers.

In that case, you should try to make the atmosphere as cat-friendly as possible. Give your cat a hiding place in the bedroom, away from human activity until it can acclimate to the new household member. During this period, keep your cat safe from children, adults, or pets that might scare or forcefully pet them.

5. Use catnip or Feliway

Nothing gets a cat riled up like catnip. It contains an oil that triggers the release of ‘happy’ chemicals in their brain when inhaled, making them feel relaxed and excited. This pleasant effect can force even the most stubborn cats to come out of hiding.

Since catnip aroma has a decent range, you can place it a few inches away from your cat’s hiding place or hold it in your hand. To double your chances of success, use a catnip toy to trigger your cat’s hunting instinct.

Feliway is also very useful for luring out cats hiding due to fear or stress. It releases pheromones naturally secreted by the mother of a kitten—producing a calming effect, reducing stress, and making the cat more comfortable in their surroundings. 

There are also other benefits of using Feliway instead of catnip. For one, it doesn’t lose its effectiveness or cause aggressiveness. Secondly, kittens do not react as much to catnip because their sense of smell is still underdeveloped. However, they can detect pheromones found in Feliway and find it more comforting, especially if recently adopted.

Where Do Cats Hide?

Searching for your cat might be the worst game of hide-and-seek you’ve ever played. The constant worry about your missing cat being injured can be nerve-racking for most owners. 

Luckily, a household cat will only hide in certain predictable places around your house. They will usually search for a  warm, dark place just big enough for them. Some cats prefer places above the ground to monitor every activity, while others choose to stay on ground level with space to escape quickly.

If you’re certain that your cat is hiding indoors and all access to the outdoors is off-access, we recommend in the following places one by one:

• Behind couches/curtains
• Radiators
• Refrigerators
• Dryers
• Stove
• Washing machines
• Cupboards
• Handbags
• Laundry baskets
• Drawers
• Suitcases
• Toolboxes

On the other hand, many cats like to escape outdoors when they want to hide. They may feel forced to escape if too many guests/pets are irritating them inside. A cat will also resort to hiding outside when they’re playing and suddenly spot a larger predator.

Unfortunately, leaving your cat outdoors is not an option as they are open to attacks from animals. In this scenario, the cat will need your help to escape and they will need it quickly. To make the search easier, look in the following places outside your house:

• Garage
• Large Pipes
• Vehicles
• Trees and sheds
• Shrubs or bushes
• Under the porch

FAQ’s

How long do cats hide?

Cats familiar with their owners may hide for 1-5 hours, while those scared of strangers in the house may stay away for 1-2 days. In comparison, a recently adopted cat that got startled can hide anywhere from a couple of days to nearly two weeks if they’re disoriented and anxious.

Do cats starve themselves when hiding?

Yes, a traumatized cat will, unfortunately, starve itself to death in hiding. If they do not eat for 48 to 72 hours, they can suffer liver failure and die. You should always keep a bowl of water and food nearby when your cat is hiding. Check to see if the food is being eaten, and replace it with fresh food and water every 24 hours.

Should you force a cat out of hiding?

Most cats will come out of hiding by themselves after they have spent enough time in isolation. However, you will need to step in and draw them out (sometimes forcefully) in scenarios where your cat is:

• Hiding outdoors
• Sick or injured
• Stuck in a dangerous spot (trees, poles)
• Not eating for more than 24 hours
• Vulnerable to attacks

How do you lure a kitten out of hiding?

Kittens are harder to draw out than adult cats as they remain hidden until their mother comes to help. According to our findings, Feliway and foods with a strong aroma work best when trying to lure out a kitten.

The post How to Lure a Cat Out of Hiding appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

To spare cats the anxiety and effort of holding them down, many groomers choose to sedate cats. And there are multiple ways to do this. There are even some that owners can use at home!

Here’s everything you need to know about sedating a cat:

How To Know If Your Cat Needs Sedation

Everyone knows cats get grumpy when someone invades their personal space – especially when cutting their hair or trimming their nails. 

But some cats become more anxious and stressed than others do, making the grooming process much more difficult. 

These overanxious cats will usually display the following combination of symptoms when being groomed:

• Loud meowing or crying
• Pupils becoming dilated
• Flattened ears on the head
• Twitching/Rippling of skin on the back
• Constant head shaking
• Flicking tongue onto the nose
• Trying to bite

Making your cat stressed or anxious frequently can also prove detrimental to their long-term health. Overstressed cats may seem okay, but the stress can lead to physical illnesses and behavior problems. 

Loss of appetite and being sick more often than usual are two signs of an overstressed cat. If you suspect that your cat has chronic stress or anxiety, look for the following symptoms:

• Diarrhea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Lethargy and constant weakness
• Rapid weight gain or loss
• Prolonged illnesses
• Poor coat health
• Eating non-edibles like plastic or rocks (a condition called pica)

If you notice these symptoms in your cat, it makes sense to sedate them before grooming. Not only will it prevent injuries to your cat when they try to escape, but it also makes them happier and more content in the long run. 

Ways To Sedate A Cat

Most people think that only anxious cats need sedation before grooming. However, you can also treat minor anxiety in cats by using natural sedation methods.

Your vet or groomer might administer some medicines to sedate your cat for serious cases. This route is faster and more effective but should only be performed by a professional.

Here’s a detailed explanation of all the ways you can sedate your cat when grooming:

1. Natural methods

Going natural is the first choice for most cat owners. It’s safe, easy, and works at home. The biggest benefit of using a natural method is that it has zero side effects. 

Natural methods are ideal for cats with mild anxiety or stress while grooming. Plus, you don’t need any permission or instructions from a vet to implement these techniques.

Here are some of the most popular and effective ways to naturally sedate your cat:

Cat Calming Treats

Calming treats work like a charm when you want to de-stress a nervous cat. These treats contain herbs like passionflower, valerian, catnip, and chamomile that relax the nervous system. They’re readily available and require the least effort among all other techniques.

Another plus of calming treats is that they have very few side effects. They take around 20 minutes to work and can keep your cat relaxed for nearly 4 hours—leaving plenty of time to groom your cat without making them anxious.

Body or towel wraps

Cats love warm blankets. It provides them a sense of security and comfort, allowing vets to perform medical procedures without unnecessary fighting. However, this technique is equally effective when you want to groom your cat or cut its nails. The trick is to wrap them like a burrito with a soft blanket or towel, and your nervous cat will come down within a couple of minutes.

You could also buy a body wrap like ThunderShirt, so you don’t have to forcefully roll your cat into a towel. It reduces stress by applying pressure to the chest area and leaves more room for grooming.

Pheromone diffusers

Pheromones are chemicals cats release to communicate with other felines in their surroundings. They can trigger feelings of relaxation and greatly reduce stress levels. You can purchase synthetic pheromone diffusers or sprays like Feliway to reduce anxiety in cats before grooming them. The only downside to using pheromone diffusers is that they can take several hours before taking effect.

Bach rescue remedy

An excellent method of sedating cats without any side effects is with Bach Rescue Remedy drops. According to the brand, you can use these drops to reduce stress caused by loud noises, new environments, and visits to the grooming salon. The formulation is all-natural and doesn’t make cats drowsy like other sedatives. You administer it by adding some drops into your cat’s food or water bowl. 

Calming Collars

Calming collars work in the same way as pheromone diffusers. They release synthetic pheromones around your cat’s head that they inhale. The low dose and continuous absorption of pheromones help regulate mood and reduce stress and anxiety. When choosing a calming collar, ensure it comfortably fits around your cat’s neck. 

2. Medicated methods

For some cats, natural methods aren’t enough, which is where sedative drugs step in. Not only do they act faster, but they also have stronger sedative effects on felines. 

The only downside to this method is that sedatives carry some side effects and require precise dosing. Using sedatives will likely require a prescription from your veterinarian and will certainly require your veterinarian’s dosing advice.

Here are some of the most common drugs used to sedate cats for grooming:

Acepromazine

Acepromazine is one of the most popular tranquilizers used by vets to sedate pets. It has minimal side effects and gets the job done. It is not only used to sedate cats for grooming but also to calm them down during aggressive episodes. The medication is administered orally for home use.

It works by suppressing brain and nervous activity, as well as by lowering the heart rate. However, acepromazine can also have opposite effects on some cats and make them hyperactive. The drug is unsuitable for cats with heart, liver, or clotting diseases. Be sure to follow your veterinarian’s instructions to the letter.

Benadryl

Benadryl is an over-the-counter antihistamine used to treat allergies. We discuss it here because it has sedating effects on cats and has great over-the-counter availability. Unfortunately, it’s not the safest drug.

While most vets agree that it’s safe to use in appropriate doses for cats, it’s easy to overdose your cat. Studies have also shown that it has a high chance of overexciting the cats instead of sedating them. Thus, it should only be used by professionals or with a vet’s guidelines.

Gabapentin

Gabapentin is a multi-purpose drug mainly given to cats to reduce anxiety and control seizures. One of the benefits of using gabapentin is that it takes effect within 1-2 hours and produces few side effects. It also has a very subtle taste, making it easy to give orally to cats.

The drug also doubles as an excellent analgesic. Thus, if you expect the vet to give injections, gabapentin would reduce the pain as well.

Trazodone

Trazodone is a relatively mild but fast-acting tranquilizer. It can achieve full sedation within 2 hours and reduce anxiety. What’s great about trazodone is its easily available at most pharmacies and affordable compared to other sedatives. However, most vets don’t recommend giving it to cats with heart and liver diseases. 

Alprazolam (Xanax)

Alprazolam, commonly known as Xanax, is a popular human anti-anxiety medication also used for cats to treat mild anxiety caused by loud noises or car travel. This medication may only be used under the direct supervision of your veterinarian.

3. General Anesthesia

General anesthesia is the fastest and most effective way of sedating a cat. It’s a different type of sedation as the cat becomes fully unconscious when put on anesthesia. 

Only a vet can determine whether your cat needs general anesthesia for grooming because the procedure carries some risks.

Side Effects Of Sedation On Cats

There are side effects of taking sedative drugs. Most of them will disappear within 24 hours; however, some indicate a deeper problem that needs to be looked at by a vet. Common symptoms of sedatives in cats include:

• Diarrhea and vomiting
• Low blood pressure
• Paradoxical effects such as aggression
• Increase in appetite

It’s best to take your vet’s advice before giving your cat any sedative drugs. They will properly monitor the vitals and treat your cat for any irregularities accordingly. 

FAQ’s

How long do sedatives work on cats?

Non-medicated methods like pheromones or calming treats can last anywhere from 2 to 4 hours, depending on the method used. As for sedative drugs, the effect is strongest 4 to 6 hours after ingestion and can take up to 24 hours to exit the system.

How to decide which sedation method to use?

You need to pick a sedation method as per the following factors:

• Type of grooming (Nails, Hair, Ear)
• Duration of grooming
• Your cat’s stress and anxiety levels

A mild and natural method like body wraps or calming collars will be enough for the occasional nail trimming or ear cleaning that takes less than 10 minutes. But for complete hair trimming sessions on nervous cats, you need to consult your veterinarian.

How much does it cost to put cats on anesthesia?

Most clinics can charge anywhere between $200-$400 to sedate cats depending on the session duration.

The post How to Sedate a Cat for Grooming appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

While licking the privates is somewhat expected since it is how dogs groom themselves, excessive licking is worrisome. Certain illnesses can cause irritation or inflammation in the private regions, leading to excessive licking.

When Licking Is Acceptable

Licking is how dogs clean themselves so a moderate amount of licking is acceptable, and even expected. Dogs may lick their privates after urinating to clean the area. Licking occurs occasionally and briefly in this case. More persistent licking can indicate health issues.

If your dog has diarrhea, take that into consideration. Your dog might feel the need to clean up better after eliminating, so licking may appear excessive. However, they are just trying to tidy up their anal region the best they can. If your dog does not have diarrhea, licking should not follow the act of eliminating.

When Is Licking A Problem?

According to VCA Hospitals, frequent and persistent licking of the privates can be worrisome. It can indicate health issues if accompanied by other symptoms. If your dog keeps licking the privates excessively and you notice other signs, it can indicate the following health issues:

Bladder Inflammation (Cystitis)

Cystitis is the general term for bladder inflammation due to various reasons. The bladder may become inflamed due to an infection, bladder stones, injury, or other illnesses. Bacterial inflammation can occur in both male and female dogs, but female dogs are at higher risk for bacterial bladder infections. The inflammation can cause significant difficulties in urinating, including pain in the urogenital area. Dogs suffering from Cystitis will strain when urinating and have difficulty passing urine.

Due to these difficulties, dogs may lick the privates to soothe themselves or stimulate urination. Mild inflammation due to infection can be treated at home, but severe inflammation will require medical care.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are similar to bladder infections, but the bacteria are present in the urinary tract. If left untreated, a UTI can develop into a bladder infection. Female dogs are at a higher risk for developing UTIs. This is due to the close distance between the urethra and anal region. E. Coli bacteria, which are present in feces, are mainly responsible for UTIs.

The symptoms of a UTI are similar to a bladder infection, so your dog may lick the privates for the same reasons. You will notice that licking occurs excessively after your dog urinates.

Vaginitis

Vaginitis refers to the inflammation of the vagina. There are many reasons your dog could be suffering from vaginitis, such as injury or infections. Many unspayed females develop vaginitis which resolves after the onset of their first heat cycle. However, dogs who are spayed or unspayed can suffer from vaginitis at any age. If your dog is suffering from vaginitis, you will notice her vulva is inflamed and vaginal discharge. Dogs with vaginitis may excessively lick the privates to soothe the inflammation.

Your veterinarian will run some tests and evaluate medical history to diagnose your pet. Most dogs suffering from vaginitis recover fully in a few weeks. If you have an adult dog, spaying can reduce the chances of your dog developing vaginitis.

Heat Cycles

Female dogs who are not spayed will go into heat once or thrice each year. During their heat cycles, they have a tendency to lick their privates more often. You might also notice a bloody discharge from your dog’s vagina, which is normal for unspayed dogs. If your dog is licking he privates more often along with other behavioral changes, she could be in heat. An average heat cycle lasts for one and a half to two weeks, so licking behavior should stop once the cycle is complete.

If your dog is spayed and you notice bloody discharge from her vulva, take her to the veterinarian as soon as possible. This could indicate a number of health issues including tumors, infections, and injuries.

Pregnancy

If your dog is near the end of her pregnancy, she will lick her privates frequently. This is a sign that your dog is about to go into labor. She will also become restless and engage in nesting behavior.

Allergies

Allergens are present in the environment as well as your pet’s food. Allergies can cause itching all over your dog’s body. To soothe the itchiness, your dog could excessively lick her privates. If the allergen is an environmental allergen, such as pollen, contact with it will cause severe itching. When you take your dog out for a walk, wipe down her paws, belly, and face to limit contact with allergens.

If the allergen is present in your dog’s food, then switch to a hypoallergenic diet. Dogs are usually allergic to the protein in their rich, but other ingredients may also cause a reaction. Allergies will require medical treatment and limiting your dog’s exposure to allergens is ideal.

Skin Infection

Bacteria and yeast are present on the dog’s skin normally. However, if there is an overgrowth of bacteria or fungus, it can cause an infection. Similar to a Urinary Tract Infection, the skin around the vulva can also become infected. These infections cause the skin to become itchy, which your dog may soothe by licking. If you notice red bumps or pustules, this indicates a bacterial infection that requires treatment. Your dog can also be prone bacterial or yeast infections, so you should switch to a medicated shampoo.

Anal Gland Impaction

If your dog is licking their privates excessively, it could be a a way to soothe their impacted anal glands. Dogs have two anal glands around the rectum that emit foul-smelling fluid when they eliminate. However, if there is trouble emptying the anal glands, they can fill up and become inflamed. The irritation can cause your dog to lick the privates excessively.

If left untreated, it can develop into an infection which can progress readily. If you notice lumps around your pet’s rectum, it could be due to anal gland impaction. Consult your veterinarian to diagnose and treat the condition.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Like humans, dogs can also suffer from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Dogs exposed to prolonged stress and anxiety can develop OCD.

Dogs can engage in a variety of compulsive behaviors, such as compulsive licking. If a dog has issues with compulsive licking, it will manifest as a persistent pattern. Licking could be limited to a certain area, like the privates, or occur all over the body. Dogs who engage in compulsive licking can also develop a painful condition called Acral Lick Dermatitis.

What You Can Do

If you notice your pet licking her privates excessively, take factors like pregnancy and heat cycles into account. If your dog is not pregnant or in heat, licking excessively could indicate a health issue. Consult your veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment. Health issues concerning the urogenital area can be very uncomfortable and painful for your pet.

The post Reasons Why Your Dog Keeps Licking Her Privates appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

The mucus may be a symptom of an infection, or it could just be that your female dog is in heat.

A healthy dog’s urine is clear or slightly yellow with no trace of mucus, pus, or blood. If you notice anything unusual about your dog’s urine, you should not dismiss it. Consult your veterinarian as soon as possible.

Keep reading to learn more about why your dog could have mucus in its urine.

The Canine Urinary Tract

A dog’s urinary system is very similar to a human’s. The kidney creates urine, which flows to the bladder through two tubes called ureters. The bladder is an organ at the back of the abdomen that holds urine and expands as it fills up. The urine leaves the body through the urethra. The urethra is present above the vagina in female dogs and within the penis in male dogs.

Due to their anatomy, female dogs have a higher risk of developing Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). Since the urethra is close to the vaginal and rectal areas which contain a host of bacteria, the bacteria can travel into the urinary tract and cause infections.

What is Mucus?

Mucus is a slimy, gelatinous fluid that the body produces to moisturize, protect, or clean certain body parts. Organs such as the nose, lungs, and stomach have a layer of membranes that produce mucus. It protects the body from foreign objects such as dust, debris, or harmful substances. When you breathe, allergens and dust stick to the mucus, and the body expels them by coughing or sneezing.

Mucus in your dog’s urine can mean many things. Let’s explore some of them here.

Causes of Mucus in Dog Urine

If you notice mucus in your dog’s urine, it could indicate the following:

Bladder Infection

Cystitis is the inflammation of the bladder, and there are many reasons this can occur. The lining of the bladder may become inflamed due to an infection, injury, medications, or other illnesses. While bacterial bladder infections can occur in male dogs, they occur the most in female dogs. Bladder infections are painful, uncomfortable, and have many symptoms besides mucus in the urine. If your dog has a bladder infection, you will notice that urinating is difficult for your pet.

Other bladder infection symptoms include difficulty urinating, whimpering while urinating, straining, cloudy urine, incontinence, and increased thirst. If the infection is severe, it can also cause fever and lethargy. If you notice any of these symptoms, along with mucus in urine, consult your veterinarian as soon as possible. Mild bladder infections may clear up themselves at home. However, treatment for a severe infection involves antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medication, which require a visit to the vet.

Bladder Stones

Bladder stones are small stones that are present in the bladder. They consist of minerals and are more common than kidney stones in dogs. Your dog could have single or multiple stones in his bladder. These stones are sharp and rough, so they can cause inflammation in the bladder when they brush up against the lining.

Although the kidneys and bladder are connected, bladder stones are not similar to kidney stones. Recent studies show that diets that cause highly acidic urine can put dogs at risk for developing bladder stones. Chemicals such as calcium, citrates, and oxalates in the urine can also cause bladder stones.

The symptoms of bladder stones are similar to bladder infections but can also cause bloody urine. The stones can cause internal bleeding by harming the lining of the bladder. Larger stones can even obstruct urine, causing the bladder to rupture.

Urinary Tract Infection (UTIs)

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are infections of the urinary tract. Unlike bladder infections where the bacteria have made their way to the bladder, they are present in the urinary tract. A UTI can also lead to bladder infections if left unrelated. Female dogs have a higher rate of Urinary Tract Infections in comparison to male dogs. The common cause of UTIs is E. coli bacteria in feces. However, other bacteria can also cause an infection.

The symptoms of a UTI are very similar to a bladder infection, so consult your veterinarian to confirm whether it is a UTI or a bladder infection. Dogs with health issues such as diabetes, kidney disease, and Cushing’s disease have a higher risk of developing UTIs. Unlike humans, a dog suffering from a UTI sometimes might show no symptoms. It is important to visit your veterinarian to detect such illnesses early.

Vaginitis

Vaginitis is the inflammation of the vagina in female dogs. It has many causes, including infections or injury. Some dogs also develop vaginitis, which resolves after their first heat cycle. However, vaginitis can occur at any age in spayed or unspayed dogs. The common symptoms of vaginitis include inflammation in the vaginal area, discharge such as mucus, and licking of the vaginal area. To diagnose vaginitis in your dog, your veterinarian will run tests and evaluate symptoms and medical history.

Usually, vaginitis is easy to treat, and most dogs recover fully in two to three weeks. Treatment options vary based on the cause of the inflammation. Antibiotics and daily vaginal douching are enough to treat the condition in most dogs. Spaying can reduce the risk of vaginitis if your dog is an adult. In some cases, treatment may involve surgery.

Pyometra

Pyometra is a condition that occurs in unspayed female dogs causing the uterus to become infected, which also causes mucus in the urine. Pyometra is a life-threatening condition commonly occurring after a heat cycle in older, unspayed dogs. During heat cycles, the uterine lining thickens. This process is similar to the thickening of the uterine lining in humans during the menstrual cycle. As the lining thickens, it becomes difficult for the uterus to contract and push out fluids. Female dogs who undergo frequent heat cycles can develop an infection in the uterus.

The symptoms of Pyometra vary based on whether the cervix (the tube that leads from the uterus to the vagina) is open or closed. If it is open, you will notice a foul-smelling mucus-like discharge. If not, the infection can build within the body and infect surrounding organs. When left untreated, Pyometra can lead to death.

Yeast Infection

Another common reason to find mucus in your dog’s urine could be a yeast infection. Yeast infections occur due to Candida yeast, which is normally present on the skin and in the body of dogs. However, when there is an overgrowth of the yeast, it can cause a fungal infection. Dogs that take antibiotics or corticosteroids for a prolonged time or those with diabetes are at risk of developing a yeast infection. Antibiotics can also kill the healthy bacteria in the body, leading to a yeast infection.

Dogs suffering from a yeast infection in the lower urinary tract can show symptoms such as mucus in urine, lethargy, nausea, difficulty, pain when urinating, and incontinence. Since the symptoms are similar to a bacterial infection, your veterinarian can determine the cause using tests such as urinalysis. Treatment involves antifungal medication and probiotic supplements.

Estrus Cycle

Sometimes, what appears as mucus in the urine can be vaginal discharge. Female dogs in their estrus or heat cycle can produce vaginal discharge that is mucoid or bloody. Since the two openings are close together, it can be difficult to tell if the mucus is present in the urine or secreted by the vulva. However, if your dog is unspayed and has been in heat, the mucus in its urine could be vaginal discharge.

If you want to be sure, monitor your dog for other signs of a urinary or bladder infection. Dogs at the end of their heat cycle generally produce some vaginal discharge. If the discharge is clear or mucus-like, there is no cause to worry. However, contact your veterinarian immediately if you notice bloody discharge or pus.

The sudden appearance of discharge when your dog is not in heat could also be problematic. In any case, your veterinarian can provide a definitive diagnosis.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

Like humans, dogs can develop Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as Herpes and Brucellosis. Breeding populations are susceptible to developing STDs, but these are rare in dogs. You can consider that your pet may have an STD if they have recently mated and symptoms arose after the event. Additionally, bladder and urinary infections can present similar symptoms, so you should visit your veterinarian for a confirmed diagnosis. Dogs with STDs can experience inflammation in the genital area, which can be very painful.

Most canine STDs are readily treated using antibiotics but require prompt treatment. If left untreated, the disease poses many risks to your pet’s general health. The infection can spread to other parts of the body without treatment.

The three most common STDs that affect dogs include:

Brucellosis

Canine Herpesvirus

Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor

These diseases are rare in spayed and neutered dogs. They generally affect breeding populations and unspayed dogs mating with stray, wild, or feral dogs.

What You Can Do

Finding mucus in your dog’s urine is never a good sign and you should take your pet to the veterinarian as soon as possible. Some conditions can also be life-threatening if left untreated. The best course of action is prompt diagnosis and treatment. If your dog is not spayed or neutered, you should consider having them spayed or neutered. A major cause of mucoid discharge in your pet’s urine is issues related to the reproductive system.

If your dog has successfully recovered from a bacterial or fungal infection of the bladder or urinary tract, you should take some preventive measures for the future. Ensuring your pet stays hydrated and feeding them a diet with probiotics can prevent infections in the future. A healthy and balanced diet with the right amount of minerals can prevent bladder stones in the future.

The post Mucus In a Dog’s Urine: Causes & What To Do? appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

Depending on the situation, a dog’s yawn has many meanings.

Once you understand your dog’s body language, their yawns will make more sense. There are many things your dog is trying to tell you when it yawns.

What Is A Dog Yawn?

A dog yawn is similar to a human yawn. It is an involuntary reflex where your dog opens its mouth wide and inhales deeply. Just like a human yawn, a dog’s yawn is also involuntary. When a yawn happens, how much air a dog takes in and how long it lasts is out of the dog’s control. Scientists don’t have any definitive answers about why humans or dogs yawn. However, some interesting theories suggest various reasons for yawning. For example, some theories suggest that we yawn because we are tired or bored.

Why Dogs Yawn When You Pet Them

There are many reasons your dog yawns when you pet him. It could be due to excitement or tiredness. Many dogs also yawn when under stress or as an appeasement gesture to other dogs.

Excitement

If your dog yawns when you pet him, it might be out of excitement. It’s not because he feels relaxed, but he is excited you are giving him attention. Dogs might assume the attention means they are about to play or go for a walk. If you notice your dog yawning when you get his leash and your jacket, it is probably out of excitement. Dogs might even yawn when you grab their favorite toy or go to the cupboard where you keep their treats. You will notice your dog yawn when he is excited in multiple scenarios. Whether he is running through the sprinklers, getting ready to play fetch,

If you take your time to get ready before engaging in a fun activity with your dog, he might even start yawning out of impatience. Dogs don’t yawn before these activities because they are tired. They are trying to take in more oxygen by inhaling deeply, making them feel more active by increasing their heart rate. Active dogs tend to yawn much more.

Affection

Another reason your dog yawns when you pet him is due to affection. Dogs can mimic human behavior to signify a bond with their human counterparts. Researchers conducted a study to see how dogs responded to the yawns of familiar and unfamiliar people. They also studied the dogs to see if they mimicked odd mouth gestures and yawns. The results showed that dogs mimicked yawning more often than the odd mouth gestures.

They also found that dogs replicated a yawn more often when a familiar person yawned. These results could indicate that dog yawns can indicate a bond with their human counterparts. The researchers also observed other species for contagious yawning. Many animals yawn, but contagious yawning only occurs in humans, chimps, baboons, and dogs.

Next time you pet your dog and he yawns, don’t worry that it could be something serious. He is probably just trying to show you affection through yawning.

Stress

Dogs also yawn in response to stress. In a stressful situation like visiting the veterinarian, your dog might yawn to release stress. A stressful yawn is generally longer and more intense than a regular yawn. You will also notice other signs if your dog is yawning due to stress. Dogs in a stressful situation may appear agitated and whine, lick, yawn and drool. Stress can cause anxiety, which leads to your dog feeling agitated.

Your dog could also be yawning in response to a panic attack. Dogs can also experience panic attacks, where the heart rate becomes elevated, and breathing is difficult, leading your dog to yawn for more air. A yawn involves deeper inhalation, which could help your dog calm down more easily.

If your dog seems to be yawning due to stress, it is best to remove them from the stressful situation. A dog might appear stressed during a training session. To stop stress yawning, ask the instructor for a break and pet or treat your dog to help them calm down. If your dog suffers from chronic stress, you can consult a canine behaviorist about the best way to approach this issue.

Calming Signals

Turid Rugaas, a Norwegian dog trainer and behaviorist, termed certain appeasement gestures dogs make “calming signals.” Some dogs are naturally shy, timid, and fearful of other dogs. For example, the Chihuahua breed, also one of the smallest dogs in the world, can be fearful of larger dogs. To “appease” the larger dog or indicate that they are not a threat, dogs may yawn or show other behaviors such as licking the lips.

If you notice your dog yawning around other dogs at the dog park, this situation could be stressful for him. Dogs can also use appeasement gestures to calm a situation and avoid getting in trouble. If you catch your dog digging in the yard, he might yawn to act submissive around you.

If your dog is yawning because he is scared of other dogs, you will also notice it in his body language. Along with yawning, your dog’s ears could be droopy, his tail would be between his legs, and he won’t maintain eye contact with other dogs. In this situation, it is best to take your dog away and walk him on the other side of the street.

Tiredness And Boredom

A common reason dogs and humans yawn is being tired or bored. Your dog might have had a long day full of activities and wants to go for a nap right now. Or he might even be bored because you are not playing with him. Dogs need exercise and attention to thrive. A dog alone for too long can develop destructive habits to entertain itself. Dogs need physical and mental stimulation to be happy and healthy. If you think your dog is yawning out of boredom, take him for a walk or play with him.

Temperature Regulation

Humans and dogs yawn to regulate their temperature, especially in warmer climates. The logic behind this theory is that a higher temperature can increase your brain’s temperature. To cool down your brain, you inhale larger amounts of air. This is especially true of dogs, who don’t have sweat glands like humans. Most of a dog’s sweat glands are on the paws, making it much harder to cool themselves by sweating. Just as dogs pant to cool down, they may also yawn to bring down their temperature.

Seeking Attention

Dogs can imitate your behavior to seek your attention. A dog that yawns when you pet it is probably excited about the attention, and it might continue to yawn after you quit petting because it wants more. Similarly, your dog might cuddle up to you and start yawning if you are about to go to bed, indicating that it is relaxed but also wants your attention before you go to sleep. If your dog is yawning to gain your attention, it will only occur in your presence.

Medical Issues

Like human yawns, most dog yawns are completely harmless and nothing to worry about. If your dog yawns occasionally, this is normal and perfectly fine. However, if you notice your dog yawning frequently, it could indicate medical issues. Dental issues or problems with the mouth’s anatomy may cause your dog to yawn more often. Dogs with mouth ulcers may yawn to relieve the pain caused by the condition. Check his mouth and gums if your dog is yawning more than he should. It is best to take him to the veterinarian to rule out any health issues.

Confusion

Dogs can also yawn when they are confused. You could be asking your dog to do something it doesn’t know yet. For example, asking your dog to “sit” when it doesn’t know what the command means might cause your dog to yawn. When training your dog, keep treats on hand to reward the behaviors you want.

Managing Conflict

Dogs can also yawn as a way to manage or avoid conflict. If you find your dog doing something that he knows will get him into trouble, he might yawn to avoid conflict. It could be chasing a squirrel or chewing on the carpet. When you ask your dog to stop doing these behaviors, he probably doesn’t want to. However, a well-trained dog knows that he should stop engaging in this behavior. Your dog could also be showing you he’s sorry when he yawns while you pet him. It is be

Sleepiness And Contagious Yawning

Just like you yawn when you are sleepy, your dog could just be feeling sleepy when he yawns. Being sleepy is the most common reason dogs and humans yawn. Yawning is also contagious between dogs and humans. Similar to how you can’t help yawning when you see another person yawn, your dog will also yawn when he sees you yawning.

If it is the end of the day and you and your dog are about to go to bed, your dog will have a case of nighttime yawns. He is likely very tired and sleepy if he has had a long day running in circles or chasing squirrels. However, if your dog is yawning too much and having trouble falling asleep, you should consult your veterinarian.

The post Why Does My Dog Yawn When I Pet Him appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

While some believe inbreeding is beneficial in maintaining the best characteristics of a particular breed, it can also cause issues. Inbred Pitbulls are no exception and can suffer from a variety of issues due to their genetics.

What Is Inbreeding?

Dog breeders have been creating new dog breeds for nearly 4,000 years. The purpose of breeding is to concentrate desirable characteristics, i.e., increase the chance of them appearing in future generations. For example, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels have been bred to have droopy ears and soft fur. Similarly, different characteristics are desirable for other breeds. Unlike Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, the Chihuahua’s ears are preferably upright rather than droopy. Sometimes, mutations are also desirable, like the Shar-Pei breed whose unique wrinkles are the result of a hereditary disorder.

You might have heard of the term “pedigree” or “purebred.” This refers to dogs who have a line of ancestors with the exact same characteristics. Breeders achieve this by matching dogs with similar DNA and breeding them through a process called “inbreeding.” This could mean breeding a mother and son, father and daughter, or siblings. Linebreeding is another form of inbreeding, where breeders match dogs that share a specific ancestor without being closely related.

Linebreeding and inbreeding, especially with close relatives, pose certain risks for Pitbulls as well as other breeds. The greatest risk is that the offspring has multiple health issues. The reason this happens is because the puppy can inherit recessive genes that are responsible for health issues from both parents. For example, Pitbulls are genetically predisposed to developing hip dysplasia. If breeders breed a Pitbull mother with her son, the puppy has a higher chance of developing the condition. Inbreeding can lead to your dog having a short lifespan and frequent visits to the veterinarian.

Inbreeding is an unethical practice that makes life very difficult for dogs. It can cause puppies to be born with birth defects and a variety of health issues. The American Kennel Club (AKC) encourages dog breeders to breed responsibly.

Why Inbreeding Occurs in Pitbulls

When breeders inbreed any dog breed, it is for the sole purpose of preserving desirable characteristics. When it comes to Pitbulls, these desirable characteristics include a heavily-muscled body that is strong and athletic. It is also these “purebred” Pitbulls that are the most expensive. Often, breeders might also choose a male dog that has won competitions to distribute “winner genes” among future generations. This could also lead to inbreeding since the dog in question could also be inbred.

Some Pitbulls are also bred for color, particularly the Blue Nose Pitbull and Red Nose Pitbull. The distinct characteristic of these types is a blue-gray or amber hue to the skin, eyes, nose, and toenails. This remarkable coloring can only occur when two parents who have recessive coat-color genes breed. These recessive genes decrease the production of melanin, which can affect the coat color. This can dilate colors such as black and brown to create a new color altogether.

It is quite rare to find two recessive-gene parents to create a Blue or Red Nose Pitbull. Due to this, some illegitimate breeders may use inbreeding to create more puppies with this coloring. Blue and Red Nose Pitbull puppies are some of the most expensive dogs with prices ranging from $1000 to $3000. Unfortunately, the limited gene pool can lead to these unique Pitbulls developing a host of health issues. The lack of melanin can affect their immune and nervous system. It can also cause sensitivity to the sun and poor coat quality.

The Risks Associated With Inbreeding Pitbulls

While some breeders assume that inbreeding two dogs with strong genetics will lead to the perfect litter, that is not always the case. Inbreeding can lead to drastic consequences for a particular breed in the future. Even if two dogs show no signs of problems, they can still carry recessive genes that will affect future generations. If you are adopting a Pitbull, you should have full knowledge of your puppy’s lineage. A responsible breeder will be transparent about any genetic health conditions.

Inbreeding two closely related Pitbulls can lead to the following issues:

Limiting The Gene Pool

“Gene pool” is the term for all available genes that can be passed down to a puppy. A diverse gene pool means there is a wider array of genes that can be passed on. Inbreeding Pitbulls can significantly reduce their gene pool. Since the two parents are from the same family, they carry similar genes. From an evolutionary standpoint, this can be problematic for future generations. Inbred Pitbulls will have a higher chance of inheriting “bad genes.” i.e., the ones responsible for diseases. As inbreeding occurs in future generations, the lifespan of these Pitbulls can also decrease.

Weaker Immunity

Inbred Pitbulls have weaker immune systems than their outbred counterparts. Breeders have consistently noticed that puppies born through inbreeding have a higher rate of autoimmune diseases and get sick often. Common infections such as a flu or cold can cause severe symptoms in inbred Pitbulls. It has also been noted that inbred dogs are much more aggressive and less intelligent than dogs with a diverse gene pool. This can cause issues with training and socialization.

Inbreeding Depression

Before genetics became a widely studied subject in science, livestock breeders observed a phenomenon called “inbreeding depression” in inbred cattle. They observed that inbred cattle had issues related to vitality, fertility, and mortality. The presence of harmful genes can affect the Pitbull’s ability to thrive and reproduce. When inbreeding occurs in future generations, it can reduce the gene pool and multiply bad genetic material. At some point, the dogs born out of inbreeding can have a significant number of health issues that affect their lifespan.

The effects of inbreeding usually start to show after a few generations. It might seem as if inbreeding causes no issues, but dogs born through inbred ancestors develop many health issues down the line.

Issues In Inbred Pitbulls

Inbred Pitbulls can suffer from a variety of issues, ranging from birth defects to health issues. Hereditary conditions are common in inbred Pitbulls, much more than those with diverse ancestry. Inbred Pitbulls can suffer in the following ways:

Birth Defects

Inbred Pitbulls have a high risk of being born with birth defects. These birth defects can include a cleft palate, dwarfism, and extra toes to name a few. Genetic defects can also lead to birth defects.

As the Pitbull’s gene pool becomes limited, defective genes can increase in number. Birth defects can cause significant issues for a puppy. A mother might even reject puppies with birth defects, assuming they are too weak to survive.

Weaker Immune System

Inbred Pitbulls have weaker immune systems compared to outbred dogs. This means that they get sick often, with severe symptoms, and take longer to recover. Even common illnesses such as a flu or cold can quickly progress to a severe health issue. In inbred Pitbull puppies, this could also affect their ability to fight parasites or bacterial infections. Puppies are already vulnerable and compromising their immunity further can have serious consequences.

If your dog gets sick often, this also means frequent trips to the veterinarian. Taking care of an inbred Pitbull is expensive since they will require medical attention more often.

Health Problems

The Pitbull breed is prone to many health problems such as allergies, patellar luxation, hip dysplasia, skin conditions, and cataracts. When Pitbull parents from the same litter are bred for a puppy, these genes that carry these health issues increase in number. An inbred Pitbull borne through several generations of inbred dogs has a higher risk of developing inherited health issues. They can also develop more health issues since there is an abundance of genes that carry the alleles responsible for them.

As inbreeding occurs over several generations, these health issues can multiply. Inbred Pitbulls may suffer from various inherited health issues.

Difficulties With Training

Pitbulls are affectionate and eager to please their owners. They are highly intelligent dogs with an alert nature. Inbred Pitbulls rarely show these traits and can even inherit mental illnesses from closely related parents.

They can be very difficult to train due to their low intelligence. The Pitbull breed is already difficult to train so inbred Pitbulls can be a big challenge. They can find it difficult to learn and follow commands. Even after training an inbred Pitbull for a long time, you will have difficulty taking control of your dog. These dogs can also be highly impulsive, making it even more difficult to train them.

Aggression

Inbred Pitbulls are much more aggressive than their outbred counterparts. While there is a common misconception that Pitbulls are inherently aggressive, that is not the case. Most Pitbulls are gentle, affectionate, and have even served as “nanny dogs” to children in the past.

When your inbred Pitbull reaches sexual maturity, aggression can become worse. While a normal outbred Pitbull will only show aggression towards other dogs, inbred Pitbulls do not discriminate. They can be aggressive towards humans and other animals. Unfortunately, most people don’t learn about their dog’s behavioral issues until they bring them home.

Shorter Lifespan

Inbred Pitbulls have a much shorter lifespan than outbred Pitbulls. This is due to the high risk of developing single or multiple health issues. Studies have shown that inbreeding can reduce a dog’s lifespan by six to ten months. The number of health issues present and their severity can also lead to a shorter lifespan. Inbred Pitbulls not only have a shorter lifespan, but their short lives can also be difficult due to the myriad of health issues they suffer from. They frequently get sick, develop severe symptoms, and some might even die as puppies.

Issues With Overall Health

Inbred Pitbulls struggle with overall health issues other than ones that are inherited. Many breeders describe inbred puppies as “lacking vigor.”This could be due to inbreeding depression along with a number of health conditions. Their compromised immunity also plays a large role in their lethargic appearance. Inbred Pitbulls struggle to survive since their health is affected by a variety of factors.

Issues with overall health also manifest as your dog getting sick enough. An inbred Pitbull’s allergies could flare up at any time. Additionally, they are also at risk for joint and eye issues.

Reproductive Issues

Inbreeding can cause many issues with puppy litters and fertility. The mother may give birth to only a few healthy puppies while others could be born with birth defects. Some of the puppies may even die after birth. Inbred Pitbull males also have fertility issues so breeding may not always be successful. One or two inbred litters may be born with zero issues. However, as inbreeding occurs over generations, puppies will have an increased risk of developing health issues.

Physical Deformities

Inbred Pitbulls can be born with numerous physical and neurological deformities. This can increase the puppy mortality rate. This can include issues with eye placement or a crooked jaw. Sometimes breeders even breed dogs with physical abnormalities that are desirable. For example, the French Bulldog’s small snout may seem adorable but comes at a great price. These dogs suffer from a condition called Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome. Dogs who are born with such defects at birth are often neglected or euthanized.

Conclusion

Inbred Pitbulls are dogs born through breeding two dogs with similar genes. The inbred puppies can suffer from a number of health conditions and some are even born with birth defects. As these puppies grow older, issues such as aggression and impulsivity start to show. The behaviors that earn Pitbulls a bad reputation are due to human negligence and irresponsible breeding.

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If you want to hatch a duck egg, you must provide it with consistent heat. An incubator is the best way to do this, but it can be expensive. Artificial incubation is the easiest way to hatch orphaned duck eggs, but it is much more expensive than natural incubation.

Fortunately, there are many ways you can hatch a duck egg at home. However, these eggs will require much care and attention to hatch properly.

How Do Duck Eggs Hatch?

Duck hens usually lay around a dozen or more eggs—taking nearly a month to hatch. During this time, the duck engages in brooding, which means sitting on the eggs to provide heat. After laying eggs, ducks pluck from their belly to create a bare, warm spot called the “brood patch.”

This area develops a rich supply of blood vessels supplying the heat the eggs need. Duck hens alter the amount of heat the eggs receive by adjusting the position of the brood patch and moving the eggs around. Consistent and even heat distribution is essential for all eggs to hatch into healthy chicks.

Hatching A Duck Egg Without An Incubator

To hatch a duck egg without an incubator, you can use the following methods:

Find A Substitute Hen

If you live on a farm or have access to a nearby farm, you can find a brooding hen for your duck eggs. A brooding hen is incubating her eggs so she can also incubate the duck egg. If none of the birds on your farm are brooding currently, you can visit another farm or a local farm animal distributor. You can purchase the animal or leave your eggs at the farm to incubate until they hatch.

It isn’t necessary to look for a brooding duck since any bird will do. The eggs only need a warm, humid environment, so even chickens would be suitable. However, a duck hen would probably be better since she keeps more eggs under her. After finding a brooding bird, you can choose a nesting spot.

A safe, clean, and dark environment is best for incubating eggs. If the bird has already chosen a nesting spot, ensure the nest conditions are ideal. Food and water should be available close to the nest. However, a slight distance from the nest is ideal since brooding mothers will need some exercise to prevent soiling their nest.

Depending on the size of the brooding bird, you might need to incubate the eggs in turns. A mother can only incubate the number of eggs that she can cover. Bigger ducks such as Muscovy can incubate a dozen or more eggs at once.

Heating Pad

According to Little Avalon Farms, you can use heating pads to hatch duck eggs. This process can be quite intensive, so be mindful of that. You will need a heating pad with an always-on function and some towels. The eggs need a warm, humid environment to hatch, so keep multiple towels aside. First, lay down your heating pad and ensure it stays on. Afterward, place a towel on top and keep the eggs together. Placing another towel on top of the eggs can ensure the heat doesn’t dissipate easily.

A humid environment is necessary for the eggs to develop. Soak a clean washcloth in hot water and wring it out till it is barely wet. After placing it on the eggs, place a towel over it; you can cover everything with a blanket to keep the heat inside. Since you will need to keep the temperature constant, a cooking thermometer is a great hack for this situation. Adjust the sensing rod in the center of the eggs to gauge the temperature.

You should also check the eggs for development and turn them over on each side to ensure even heat distribution. You will also need to moisten the washcloth multiple times throughout the day to maintain a warm, humid environment for the eggs. Ensure there are no mold/mildew issues, which could harm the eggs. This process is better if your duck eggs are a week or so shy of hatching. Maintaining moisture under a blanket can cause mold to develop if left for a long time.

DIY Incubator

You can also create an incubator with a few supplies. Styrofoam or plastic coolers are ideal for this. After you’ve got your cooler, you can begin to set up an incubation system with a few tools, such as:

• Plastic baking tray or ice cube tray
• Polyscreen mesh tray
• Digital indoor temperature and humidity monitor (you can also use a cooking thermometer)
• A light bulb or mason jars

After you have your supplies, you can easily set up your DIY incubator. First, place the tray at the bottom of your cooler. Ensure the tray covers the entire surface at the bottom. Rather than the quantity of water, the surface area covered is more important for maintaining a humid environment. After filling the tray with water, you can place a mesh tray on top to prevent excess moisture.

To ensure warmth, you have two options: a light bulb or mason jars filled with boiling water. You will need to screw in the light bulb at the top of the cooler and work out the wiring. If you want a simpler approach, mason jars filled with boiling water can work just as well. However, you will need to refill them with boiling water multiple times throughout the day to maintain the temperature. Place jars inside the cooler and wrap them with towels to prevent the chicks from suffering any burns.

After your DIY incubator is ready, you can place the thermometer inside to monitor the temperature. Place the eggs inside the cooler for incubation. Monitor the temperature to ensure the best environment for incubation.

The post How To Hatch A Duck Egg Without An Incubator appeared first on FluffyPlanet.

Becoming familiar with how these factors impact your pet is important, and by planning ahead, you can save money and valuable time.

Hair Type

Generally, Shih-Poos inherit the same type of coat their biological parents have. Interestingly enough, they can also develop a combination of both hair types. Their coats can range from anything between curly (Poodle) and straight (Shih-Tzu).

Styling their hair can be quite challenging and depends on its length, and in many cases, your region’s climate can limit your options. Cutting your dog’s hair short can help their skin breathe better under high temperatures, while longer hair may be harder to keep clean and unmatted but provides more insulation in colder climates.

Many options are available for your pet, and a professional groomer can give you a better idea about the best options for your Shih-Poo.

Shedding

To ensure you get the best haircut for your dog, you should consider their tendency to shed, including how often and how much they shed. Luckily, Shih-Poo owners generally don’t have too much to worry about here. Their Shih-Tzu parents shed a little while Poodles shed little to no hair. As a result, Shih-Poos shed, but it’s far more manageable than breeds like the Alaskan Malamute or Golden Retriever. Most haircuts will work out well for your Shih-Poo.

Hair Styles

Most hairstyles will work well for your Shih-Poo. Consult your groomer and keep your dog’s hair type, shedding intensity, and the local climate in mind.

The Puppy Cut

The puppy cut is a very low-maintenance haircut for your Shih-Poo. The dog’s coat is kept short (1-2″) for the entire body, head to toe. Variations of this haircut include letting some or most parts of the coat grow to a moderate length with minor adjustments here and there. The puppy cut is the simplest option you have.

The Lion Cut

If you want your Shih-Poo to have a distinct look, you can opt for the lion cut. Most of the body’s hair is cut short, while the hair around the face is exaggerated to mimic a lion’s mane. This haircut looks stylish and is pretty easy to manage as well. However, you should pay close attention to the mane. Keep it clean and untangled to prevent your dog’s face from collecting dust or debris.

The Teddy Bear Cut

If your Shih-Poo is an active dog that loves playing in puddles, you can choose the teddy bear cut. All the hair on your dog’s body is cut quite short (1/2-1″), including the face. It gives your dog a soft, rounded appearance like a teddy bear. This haircut is easy to manage, and you can conveniently clean your dog’s coat after outdoor activities.

The Top Knot

For a top knot haircut, the hair on the top of the head is clipped up and kept out of your dog’s eyes. Depending on your dog’s hair type, you can keep the ponytail long or short. This is a very practical haircut for active Shih-Poos. It helps them see better since they don’t have any strands of hair blocking their vision.

If your Shih-Poo’s coat grows long faster than you’re expecting it, then consider a haircut where you keep the body’s hair short. It makes it easier to manage their seasonal shedding habits.

The Short Cut

As the name implies, the short cut involves cutting down all of your pet’s body hair, leaving only the hair around the ears to grow longer, making shedding and cleaning easier to manage.

Seasonal Changes

Shih-Poos cannot tolerate temperature extremes as well as other breeds. When deciding what haircut is best for your Shih-Poo, consider the climate in your region.

If you live in a tropical region, the temperature probably stays high throughout the summer. Clipping your Shih-Poo’s hair short is a better idea for the summer months.

If you live in a cold, mountainous region, winter probably lasts longer in your area. In this case, let your Shih-Poo’s hair grow long enough to keep him warm. You should still get a cut to prevent tangles, but avoid cutting it too short, or your furbaby will have trouble regulating his temperature.

Other Considerations

Unsurprisingly, some haircuts look better on some Shih-Poos than others. Your dog’s features play a large role in what haircut would look best on them. Whether it’s the eyes or nose, the haircut should enhance its best features. A professional groomer can give you a good idea about which haircut draws attention to your dog’s best features.

Another factor that requires attention is hygiene. The length of your dog’s coat also impacts the level of cleanliness. Urine, feces, and dirt can easily attach to your dog’s belly, hind legs, and genital areas. It is best to cut the hair in these areas short.

Your dog’s activity level is also an important factor to consider when choosing a haircut. Dogs that spend a lot of time outdoors will do better with a simple and practical haircut where the hair is kept short.

Don’t be afraid to experiment with haircuts till you find the best one for your Shih-Poo. As long as you ensure hygiene and optimal hair length, you can be as creative as you like.

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